Difference between revisions of "Help:Links"

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{{PD Help Page}}
 
{{PD Help Page}}
 
There are four sorts of links in MediaWiki:  
 
There are four sorts of links in MediaWiki:  
−
# internal links to other pages in the wiki
+
# '''[[#Internal links|internal links]]''' to other pages in the wiki
−
# external links to websites
+
# '''[[#External links|external links]]''' to other websites
−
# [[Help:Interwiki linking|inter-wiki links]] (links to other wikis)
+
# '''[[#Interwiki links|interwiki links]]''' to other websites registered to the wiki in advance
−
# inter-language links to other language versions of the same wiki
+
# '''[[#Interlanguage links|Interlanguage links]]''' to other websites registered as other language versions of the wiki
  
−
To add an internal link, enclose the name of the page you want to link to in double square brackets. When you save the page, you'll see the new link pointing to your page. If the page exists already, it is displayed in blue, empty pages are displayed in red. Selflinks to the current page are not transformed in URLs but displayed in bold.
+
== Internal links ==
 +
To add an internal link, enclose the name of the page you want to link to in double square brackets. When you save the page, you'll see the new link pointing to your page. If the page exists already it is displayed in blue, if it does not, in red.
 +
Selflinks to the current page are not transformed in URLs but displayed in bold.
 +
(If you really want to link to the current page, use an anchor (see below), or <nowiki>[[#top|current page]]</nowiki> which always links to the top.)
  
−
The first letter of the target page is automatically capitalized and spaces are represented as underscores (typing an underscore in the link will have a similar affect as typing a space, but is not recommended, since the underscore will also be shown in the text).
+
The first letter of the target page is automatically capitalized, unless otherwise set by the admins, and spaces are represented as underscores (typing an underscore in the link will have a similar effect as typing a space, but is not recommended, since the underscore will also be shown in the text).
  
−
== How to link ==
+
{| border="1" class="wikitable"
−
{| {{Prettytable}}
+
!Description
−
|-
+
!You type
−
|{{Hl3}}|'''Description'''
+
!You get
−
|{{Hl3}}|'''You type'''
 
−
|{{Hl3}}|'''You get'''
 
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Internal link
 
|Internal link
−
|<tt><nowiki>[[Main Page]]</nowiki></tt>
+
|<pre>[[Main Page]]</pre>
 
|[[Main Page]]
 
|[[Main Page]]
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Piped link  
 
|Piped link  
−
|<tt><nowiki>[[Main Page|different text]]</nowiki></tt>
+
|<pre>[[Main Page|different text]]</pre>
 +
See also {{mediawiki|Meta:Help:Piped link}}
 
|[[Main Page|different text]]
 
|[[Main Page|different text]]
 
|-
 
|-
−
|Anchor link  
+
|Hide namespace shortcut
−
|<tt><nowiki>[[#External links|Anchor link]]</nowiki></tt>
+
|<pre>[[Help:Contents|]]</pre>
−
|[[#External links|Anchor link]]
+
Short for <nowiki>[[Help:Contents|Contents]]</nowiki>
 +
|[[Help:Contents|Contents]]
 +
|-
 +
|Word-ending links
 +
|<pre>
 +
[[Help]]s
 +
 
 +
[[Help]]ing
 +
 
 +
[[Help]]ers
 +
 
 +
[[Help]]anylettersyoulikehere
 +
</pre>
 +
|
 +
[[Help]]s
 +
 
 +
[[Help]]ing
 +
 
 +
[[Help]]ers
 +
 
 +
[[Help]]anylettersyoulikehere
 +
|-
 +
|Avoiding word-ending links
 +
|<pre>
 +
[[Help]]<nowiki />ful advice
 +
 
 +
[[wikipedia:GNU General Public License|GPL]]<nowiki />v3
 +
</pre>
 +
|
 +
[[Help]]<nowiki />ful advice
 +
 
 +
[[wikipedia:GNU General Public License|GPL]]<nowiki />v3
 +
|-
 +
|Redirect
 +
|<pre>#REDIRECT [[Main Page]]</pre>
 +
See also [[Help:Redirects]]
 +
| &rarr; [[Main Page]]
 +
|-
 +
|Internal link to an anchor
 +
|<pre>[[#See also]]</pre>
 +
[[Help:Formatting|Section headings]] and the [[#top|top]] of the page are automatically anchored.
 +
|[[#See also]]
 +
|-
 +
|Internal link to an anchor from different text
 +
|<pre>[[#See also|different text]]</pre>
 +
|[[#See also|different text]]
 +
|-
 +
|Setting an internal link anchor
 +
|<pre><div id="NameOfAnchorHere">optional text</div></pre>
 +
Omit the "optional text" for invisible anchor.
 +
|<div id="NameOfAnchorHere">optional text</div>
 +
|-
 +
|Internal link to an anchor at another page
 +
|<pre>[[Help:Images#See also]]</pre>
 +
|[[Help:Images#See also]]
 +
|-
 +
|Internal link to the current page's talk page
 +
|<pre>[[{{TALKPAGENAME}}|Discussion]]</pre>
 +
See also [[Help:Magic_words#Page_names]]
 +
|[[{{TALKPAGENAME}}|Discussion]]
 +
|-
 +
|Internal link to a subpage
 +
|<pre>[[/example]]</pre>
 +
Shortcut for <nowiki>[[Help:Links/example]]</nowiki>. See also [[Help:Subpages]].
 +
|[[/example]]
 +
|-
 +
|Internal link to a subpage without the leading slash
 +
|<pre>[[/example/]]</pre>
 +
Shortcut for <nowiki>[[Help:Links/example|example]]</nowiki>.
 +
|[[/example/]]
 +
|-
 +
|Internal link to a category page
 +
|<pre>[[:Category:Help]]</pre>
 +
See also [[Help:Categories]]
 +
|[[:Category:Help]]
 +
|-
 +
|Internal link to an image or a file of other types
 +
|<pre>[[media:example.jpg]]
 +
 
 +
[[media:example.pdf]]</pre>
 +
See also [[Help:Images]]
 +
|[[media:example.jpg]]
 +
 
 +
[[media:example.pdf]]
 +
|-
 +
|Internal link to the user's user page
 +
|<pre>[[Special:MyPage]]</pre>
 +
|[[Special:MyPage]]
 +
|}
 +
 
 +
== External links ==
 +
To add an external link, enclose the name of the page you want to link to in single square brackets. When you save the page, you'll see the new link pointing to your page, with an arrow icon after it to show that it was coded with single bracket external link syntax, and thus may lead to another site.
 +
 
 +
{| class="wikitable"
 +
!style="width:15%"|Description
 +
!style="width:45%"|You type
 +
!style="width:40%"|You get
 
|-
 
|-
 
|External link
 
|External link
Line 33: Line 131:
 
|http://mediawiki.org
 
|http://mediawiki.org
 
|-
 
|-
−
|External link,<br />
+
|External link with different label
−
different title
 
 
|<tt><nowiki>[http://mediawiki.org MediaWiki]</nowiki></tt>
 
|<tt><nowiki>[http://mediawiki.org MediaWiki]</nowiki></tt>
 
|[http://mediawiki.org MediaWiki]
 
|[http://mediawiki.org MediaWiki]
 
|-
 
|-
−
|External link,<br />
+
|Numbered external link
−
unnamed
 
 
|<tt><nowiki>[http://mediawiki.org]</nowiki></tt>
 
|<tt><nowiki>[http://mediawiki.org]</nowiki></tt>
 
|[http://mediawiki.org]
 
|[http://mediawiki.org]
 
|-
 
|-
−
|External link,<br />
+
|External links with file icons
−
same host unnamed
+
|<tt><nowiki>
−
|<tt><nowiki>[http://{{SERVERNAME}}/pagename]</nowiki></tt>
+
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.avi video]
−
|[http://{{SERVERNAME}}/pagename]
+
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.ogg sound]
 +
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.pdf document]
 +
</nowiki></tt>
 +
<small>See [[#External link icons]] for currently supported icons and extensions.</small>
 +
|
 +
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.avi video]<br/>
 +
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.ogg sound]<br/>
 +
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.pdf document]<br/>
 
|-
 
|-
−
|Interwiki link
+
|External link to the same host
−
|<tt><nowiki>[[Wikipedia:MediaWiki]]</nowiki></tt>
+
|<tt><nowiki>http://{{SERVERNAME}}/pagename</nowiki></tt>
−
|[[Wikipedia:MediaWiki]]
+
|http://{{SERVERNAME}}/pagename
 
|-
 
|-
−
|mailto
+
|External link to other host passing the pagename
−
|<tt><nowiki>mailto:info@example.org</nowiki></tt>
+
|<tt><nowiki>http://google.com/search?q={{PAGENAMEE}}</nowiki></tt>
−
|mailto:info@example.org
+
|http://google.com/search?q={{PAGENAMEE}}
 
|-
 
|-
−
|mailto unnamed
+
|Mailto link
−
|<tt><nowiki>[mailto:info@example.org]</nowiki></tt>
+
|<tt><nowiki>[mailto:info@example.org email me]</nowiki></tt>
−
|[mailto:info@example.org]
+
|[mailto:info@example.org email me]
 
|-
 
|-
−
|mailto named
+
|Mailto named with subject line and body
−
|<tt><nowiki>[mailto:info@example.org info]</nowiki></tt>
+
|<tt><nowiki>[mailto:info@example.org?Subject=URL%20Encoded%20Subject&amp;body=Body%20Text info]</nowiki></tt>
−
|[mailto:info@example.org info]
+
|[mailto:info@example.org?Subject=URL%20Encoded%20Subject&body=Body%20Text info]
 +
|}
 +
 
 +
== External links to internal pages ==
 +
 
 +
To add an external link to a page on the same wiki using parameters, you may need to use external link syntax. Enclose the name of the page you want to link to in single square brackets. When you save the page, you'll see the new link pointing to your page, with an arrow icon after it. This is often useful if you want to link internally on a wiki, but need query parameters in the URL, which may not work with normal internal links in some circumstances.
 +
 
 +
{| border="1" class="wikitable"
 +
!Description
 +
!You type
 +
!You get
 +
|-
 +
|External link to the current page's edit page
 +
|<pre>[http://www.mediawiki.org/w/index.php?title=Help:Links&action=edit Edit]</pre>
 +
|[http://www.mediawiki.org/w/index.php?title=Help:Links&action=edit Edit]
 +
|-
 +
|External link to the current page's edit page using the [[Help:Magic_words#URL_data | fullurl parser function]]
 +
|<pre>[{{fullurl:{{PAGENAME}}|action=edit}} Edit]</pre>
 +
See also [[Help:Magic_words#URL_data]] and [[#External links]]
 +
|[{{fullurl:{{PAGENAME}}|action=edit}} Edit]
 +
|-
 +
|External link to the current page's edit page, and styled to look like an internal link
 +
|<pre><span class="plainlinks">[http://www.mediawiki.org/w/index.php?title=Help:Links&action=edit Edit]</span></pre>
 +
The [[Plainlinks | plainlinks class]] can be used in cases where you want an external link to look like an internal one, by suppressing the little arrow icon that normally appears after it.
 +
|<span class="plainlinks">[http://www.mediawiki.org/w/index.php?title=Help:Links&action=edit Edit]</span>
 +
|}
 +
 
 +
== External link icons ==
 +
{| class="wikitable"
 +
! Test link !! Icon !! Trigger
 
|-
 
|-
−
|redirect
+
| [http://.] || [http://bits.wikimedia.org/skins-1.17/vector/images/external-link-ltr-icon.png external-link-ltr-icon.png] || <code>.external</code>, <code>http://</code>, <code>gopher://</code>
−
|<tt><nowiki>#REDIRECT [[Main Page]]</nowiki></tt>
+
|-
−
| &rarr; [[Main Page]]
+
| [https://.] || [http://bits.wikimedia.org/skins-1.17/vector/images/lock-icon.png lock-icon.png] || <code>https://</code>
 +
|-
 +
| [mailto:.] || [http://bits.wikimedia.org/skins-1.17/vector/images/mail-icon.png mail-icon.png] || <code>mailto:</code>
 +
|-
 +
| [news://.] || [http://bits.wikimedia.org/skins-1.17/vector/images/news-icon.png news-icon.png] || <code>news<nowiki/>://</code>
 +
|-
 +
| [ftp://.] || [http://bits.wikimedia.org/skins-1.17/vector/images/file-icon.png file-icon.png] || <code>ftp://</code>
 +
|-
 +
| [irc://.] || [http://bits.wikimedia.org/skins-1.17/vector/images/talk-icon.png talk-icon.png] || <code>irc://</code>
 +
|-
 +
| [http://.ogg] || [http://bits.wikimedia.org/skins-1.17/vector/images/audio-icon.png audio-icon.png] || <code>.ogg</code>, <code>.mid</code>, <code>.midi</code>, <code>.mp3</code>, <code>.wav</code>, <code>.wma</code>
 +
|-
 +
| [http://.ogm] || [http://bits.wikimedia.org/skins-1.17/vector/images/video-icon.png video-icon.png] || <code>.ogm</code>, <code>.avi</code>, <code>.mpeg</code>, <code>.mpg</code>
 +
|-
 +
| [http://.pdf] || [http://bits.wikimedia.org/skins-1.17/vector/images/document-icon.png document-icon.png] || <code>.pdf</code>, <code>.pdf#</code>, <code>.pdf?</code>
 
|}
 
|}
  
−
== External links ==
+
=== How to avoid auto-links ===
−
{{meta|Help:Link}}
+
By default, when you write a URL as is, it will be transformed to an external link.
−
+
 
−
{{Languages|Help:Links}}
+
To avoid that effect, put the URL between <code>&lt;nowiki&gt;</code> tags as in:
 +
<nowiki><nowiki>http://mediawiki.org</nowiki></nowiki>
 +
 
 +
== Interwiki links ==
 +
Interwiki links are links with the internal link markup to a website registered in advance. For example, you can link to the Sunflower article on http://en.wikipedia.org by typing <code><nowiki>[[wikipedia:Sunflower]]</nowiki></code>, which will result in a link [[wikipedia:Sunflower]]. This is because <code><nowiki>http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/</nowiki></code> is registered to your wiki by default with the prefix of <code>wikipedia</code>. ''This link may not work properly, if the admin of your wiki has changed the setting.'' Unlike internal links, interwiki links do not use page existence detection, so an interwiki link will appear blue even if the page does not exist on the remote wiki.
 +
 
 +
Similar to internal page links, you can create piped links, with alternate link label, e.g. <code><nowiki>[[wikipedia:Sunflower|big yellow flower]]</nowiki></code>.
 +
 
 +
Basically this is an abbreviation for longer URLs. A very similar link could be created as a normal external link by typing <code><nowiki>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunflower big yellow flower]</nowiki></code>, but interwiki links allow you to type out an easy and compact link, almost as if you are linking to a page on your own wiki.
 +
 
 +
To edit the {{mediawiki|Manual:Interwiki table|interwiki table}} on your site, see the {{mediawiki|Extension:InterWiki|InterWiki extension}}.
 +
 
 +
=== Interlanguage links ===
 +
If your wiki has other language versions, you may find “interlanguage links” in the [[Help:Navigation#Sidebar|sidebar]], just below [[Help:Navigation#Toolbox|toolbox]] in the box named “{{lcfirst:{{int:otherlanguages}}}}.”
 +
 
 +
Interlanguage links behave similarly to interwiki links, except that they are listed in the sidebar. To create an interlanguage link from a page, just type <code><nowiki>[[</nowiki>''language prefix'':pagename]]</code> wherever you like in the page; the language prefix is the prefix specified at your wiki for the other language version (typically the [[wikipedia:ISO 639|ISO language code]]).
 +
 
 +
If you want to make the interlanguage link appear in the content of the page, you can add a colon before the language prefix:
 +
:<code><nowiki>[[:en:Sunflower]]</nowiki></code> &rarr; '''[[:en:Sunflower]]'''
 +
 
 +
When link is both interwiki and interlanguage, the order is '''[[wikipedia:en:Sunflower]]'''.
 +
 
 +
== See also ==
 +
* [[Help:Linked images|Linked images]]
 +
* [[meta:Help:Links]]
 +
{{Languages}}
 +
 
 
[[Category:Help|Links]]
 
[[Category:Help|Links]]
 +
[[Category:Link|Links]]

Latest revision as of 12:40, 28 September 2011

PD Important note: When you edit this page, you agree to release your contribution into the public domain. If you don't want this or can't do this because of license restrictions, please don't edit. This page is one of the Public Domain Help Pages, which can be freely copied into fresh wiki installations and/or distributed with MediaWiki software; see Help:Contents for an overview of all pages. See Project:PD help/Copying for instructions. PD

There are four sorts of links in MediaWiki:

  1. internal links to other pages in the wiki
  2. external links to other websites
  3. interwiki links to other websites registered to the wiki in advance
  4. Interlanguage links to other websites registered as other language versions of the wiki

Internal links

To add an internal link, enclose the name of the page you want to link to in double square brackets. When you save the page, you'll see the new link pointing to your page. If the page exists already it is displayed in blue, if it does not, in red. Selflinks to the current page are not transformed in URLs but displayed in bold. (If you really want to link to the current page, use an anchor (see below), or [[#top|current page]] which always links to the top.)

The first letter of the target page is automatically capitalized, unless otherwise set by the admins, and spaces are represented as underscores (typing an underscore in the link will have a similar effect as typing a space, but is not recommended, since the underscore will also be shown in the text).

Description You type You get
Internal link 
[[Main Page]]
 Main Page
Piped link 
[[Main Page|different text]]

See also Meta:Help:Piped link

different text
Hide namespace shortcut 
[[Help:Contents|]]

Short for [[Help:Contents|Contents]]

Contents
Word-ending links 
[[Help]]s

[[Help]]ing

[[Help]]ers

[[Help]]anylettersyoulikehere

Helps

Helping

Helpers

Helpanylettersyoulikehere

Avoiding word-ending links 
[[Help]]<nowiki />ful advice

[[wikipedia:GNU General Public License|GPL]]<nowiki />v3

Helpful advice

GPLv3

Redirect 
#REDIRECT [[Main Page]]

See also Help:Redirects

→ Main Page
Internal link to an anchor 
[[#See also]]

Section headings and the top of the page are automatically anchored.

#See also
Internal link to an anchor from different text 
[[#See also|different text]]
 different text
Setting an internal link anchor 
<div id="NameOfAnchorHere">optional text</div>

Omit the "optional text" for invisible anchor.

optional text
Internal link to an anchor at another page 
[[Help:Images#See also]]
 Help:Images#See also
Internal link to the current page's talk page 
[[{{TALKPAGENAME}}|Discussion]]

See also Help:Magic_words#Page_names

Discussion
Internal link to a subpage 
[[/example]]

Shortcut for [[Help:Links/example]]. See also Help:Subpages.

/example
Internal link to a subpage without the leading slash 
[[/example/]]

Shortcut for [[Help:Links/example|example]].

example
Internal link to a category page 
[[:Category:Help]]

See also Help:Categories

Category:Help
Internal link to an image or a file of other types 
[[media:example.jpg]]

[[media:example.pdf]]

See also Help:Images

media:example.jpg

media:example.pdf

Internal link to the user's user page 
[[Special:MyPage]]
 Special:MyPage

External links

To add an external link, enclose the name of the page you want to link to in single square brackets. When you save the page, you'll see the new link pointing to your page, with an arrow icon after it to show that it was coded with single bracket external link syntax, and thus may lead to another site.

Description You type You get
External link http://mediawiki.org http://mediawiki.org
External link with different label [http://mediawiki.org MediaWiki] MediaWiki
Numbered external link [http://mediawiki.org] [1]
External links with file icons [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.avi video] [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.ogg sound] [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.pdf document]

See #External link icons for currently supported icons and extensions.

video
sound
document

External link to the same host http://{{SERVERNAME}}/pagename http://terra.mrangel.info/pagename
External link to other host passing the pagename http://google.com/search?q={{PAGENAMEE}} http://google.com/search?q=Links
Mailto link [mailto:info@example.org email me] email me
Mailto named with subject line and body [mailto:info@example.org?Subject=URL%20Encoded%20Subject&body=Body%20Text info] info

External links to internal pages

To add an external link to a page on the same wiki using parameters, you may need to use external link syntax. Enclose the name of the page you want to link to in single square brackets. When you save the page, you'll see the new link pointing to your page, with an arrow icon after it. This is often useful if you want to link internally on a wiki, but need query parameters in the URL, which may not work with normal internal links in some circumstances.

Description You type You get
External link to the current page's edit page 
[http://www.mediawiki.org/w/index.php?title=Help:Links&action=edit Edit]
 Edit
External link to the current page's edit page using the fullurl parser function 
[{{fullurl:{{PAGENAME}}|action=edit}} Edit]

See also Help:Magic_words#URL_data and #External links

Edit
External link to the current page's edit page, and styled to look like an internal link 
<span class="plainlinks">[http://www.mediawiki.org/w/index.php?title=Help:Links&action=edit Edit]</span>

The plainlinks class can be used in cases where you want an external link to look like an internal one, by suppressing the little arrow icon that normally appears after it.

Edit

External link icons

Test link Icon Trigger
[2] external-link-ltr-icon.png .external, http://, gopher://
[3] lock-icon.png https://
[4] mail-icon.png mailto:
[5] news-icon.png news://
[6] file-icon.png ftp://
[7] talk-icon.png irc://
[8] audio-icon.png .ogg, .mid, .midi, .mp3, .wav, .wma
[9] video-icon.png .ogm, .avi, .mpeg, .mpg
[10] document-icon.png .pdf, .pdf#, .pdf?

How to avoid auto-links

By default, when you write a URL as is, it will be transformed to an external link.

To avoid that effect, put the URL between <nowiki> tags as in: 

<nowiki>http://mediawiki.org</nowiki>

Interwiki links

Interwiki links are links with the internal link markup to a website registered in advance. For example, you can link to the Sunflower article on http://en.wikipedia.org by typing [[wikipedia:Sunflower]], which will result in a link wikipedia:Sunflower. This is because http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ is registered to your wiki by default with the prefix of wikipedia. This link may not work properly, if the admin of your wiki has changed the setting. Unlike internal links, interwiki links do not use page existence detection, so an interwiki link will appear blue even if the page does not exist on the remote wiki.

Similar to internal page links, you can create piped links, with alternate link label, e.g. [[wikipedia:Sunflower|big yellow flower]].

Basically this is an abbreviation for longer URLs. A very similar link could be created as a normal external link by typing [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunflower big yellow flower], but interwiki links allow you to type out an easy and compact link, almost as if you are linking to a page on your own wiki.

To edit the interwiki table on your site, see the InterWiki extension.

Interlanguage links

If your wiki has other language versions, you may find “interlanguage links” in the sidebar, just below toolbox in the box named “in other languages.”

Interlanguage links behave similarly to interwiki links, except that they are listed in the sidebar. To create an interlanguage link from a page, just type [[language prefix:pagename]] wherever you like in the page; the language prefix is the prefix specified at your wiki for the other language version (typically the ISO language code).

If you want to make the interlanguage link appear in the content of the page, you can add a colon before the language prefix:

[[:en:Sunflower]] → en:Sunflower

When link is both interwiki and interlanguage, the order is wikipedia:en:Sunflower.

See also

Language: English Afrikaans|العربية|asturianu|azərbaycanca|جهلسری بلوچی|български|brezhoneg|català|čeština|dansk|Deutsch|Ελληνικά|Esperanto|español|فارسی|suomi|français|galego|ગુજરાતી|עברית|magyar|Bahasa Indonesia|italiano|日本語|ქართული|ភាសាខ្មែរ|한국어|Ripoarisch|kernowek|македонски|മലയാളം|मराठी|Bahasa Melayu|Nederlands|norsk|occitan|polski|português|português do Brasil|română|русский|සිංහල|slovenčina|slovenščina|shqip|српски / srpski|svenska|தமிழ்|ไทย|Türkçe|українська|Tiếng Việt|粵語|中文|中文（简体）‎|中文（繁體）‎|中文（台灣）‎|
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